Tag: Executive powers

Can the President ignore the debt ceiling?

Can the President ignore the debt ceiling?

In my past few posts I’ve said that I believe the President has authority to exceed the Congressionally authorized debt ceiling by virute of his (or her) duty to “take Care that the Laws be faithfully executed.” (Article 2, Section 3). (See http://www.jackreidy.com/blog/2011/07/15/government-by-separation-of-powers-and-ambiguity/ and http://www.jackreidy.com/blog/2011/07/14/debt-ceiling-choices/ )

This is what I would do if I were in the President’s position. I would remind everyone the President has an obligation to execute the laws. It is impossible to execute all laws since the debt ceiling law denies him the money to execute many laws, and so he has no choice but to ignore the debt ceiling law unless Congress increases the debt ceiling. By failing to increase the debt ceiling in a timely manner, Congress is blocking his constitutional obligation.

So it seems to me there are 2 good arguments in favor of this. First, the President is in a situation were he cannot execute all the laws so he must pick. The second is that the debt limit law is unconstitional since it prevents the President from carrying out duties specified in the Constitution.

Of course, the abilty of the President to ignore the debt ceiling law could be challenged and we can never be sure how the courts will decide but the suggestion that this is a likely outcome could increase the seriousness of Republican negotiating.

A compromise is probably the best and most certain solution. But will compromise come in time? The Republican position now seems to be that your side is not giving enough and our side doesn’t have to give anything. But it would be good to remind Speaker Boehner and Majority Leader Cantor that they do not hold all the cards.

Government by separation of powers and ambiguity

Government by separation of powers and ambiguity

Yes, in my last post I did indicate that the President has authority to exceed the Congressionally authorized debt ceiling by virute of his (or her) duty to “take Care that the Laws be faithfully executed.” (Article 2, Section 3). I think it would be a reasonable intepretation that although Congress has the power to appropriate money they cannot limit the executive’s ability to pay bills or debt resulting from previous Congressional actions. This seems to be reinforced by the 14th amendment. And if laws conflict, the President has discretion in deciding which laws to carry out.

But that is just my opinion and who knows how the Supreme Court would come down on this. Sort of like the War Powers Act in that both sides have a good argument but both also have much to lose if the courts decide that the other side has a better argument.

So we not only have a separation of powers but ambiguity and somehow it all works. That seems to be the genius of the Constitution. There is quite a bit of ambiguity in the Constituion but lawmakers add more as we go.

Debt ceiling choices

Debt ceiling choices

The debt ceiling is a law that that limits the amount the US government can borrow. Yes, it is a law. We have a budget , it is a law (or a series of laws). Medicare and Social Security are also laws. We have a Constitution that says the says that the President “shall take Care that the Laws be faithfully executed.” (Article 2, Section 3).

So the President is there to carry out the laws but there are many laws. And there is one law (the debt ceiling) that would block his ability to carry out the other laws. So what is a President to do? Ignore the debt ceiling law (which itself may be unconstitional) so that the other laws passed by congress are executed and fulfill his Constitutional duty or obey the debt ceiling law and fail in that duty.

It is a difficult situation but would be made much easier if there was an agreement to raise the debt ceiling. It is certainly a dilemma if there is no debt ceiling increase since it is not possible to obey all laws but if it were my choice I’d go with most laws and the Constitition.

Here are 2 articles that discuss these issues in more depth
http://www.newyorker.com/online/blogs/hendrikhertzberg/2011/07/the-debt-limit-faithful-execution-1.html#entry-more
http://www.thefiscaltimes.com/Columns/2011/07/08/Obama-May-Have-to-Break-the-Law-if-Debt-Talks-Collapse.aspx